When Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia's dreams of occupying that land were crushed. The Serbs decided to then expand to the south and not push further into the north. The war began once Serbia, Bulgaria, Montenegro and Greece formed an alliance called the Balkan League. Their goal was to gain control over European territory that was occupied by the dying Ottoman Empire. In the end, the Balkan league pushed back a dying Ottoman Empire into what is now Turkey and Albania gained its independence.

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